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France is deploying 7,000 troops after a deadly school stabbing by a suspected Islamic radical_我的网站

A |     美国知名人工智能学者加里·马库斯（Gary Marcus）7月20日在个人博客发文称，中国人工智能模型已“几乎追平”美国最先进水平，美国不可能在这场AI竞赛中“获胜”，华盛顿应停止将AI视为零和博弈，转而探索国际合作与公共产品路径。         马库斯是美国知名人工智能学者、纽约大学名誉教授，长期研究机器学习与认知科学，近年来因主张发展更可靠的通用人工智能而备受关注。         马库斯在博文中提到，中国人工智能公司月之暗面（Moonshot AI）近日发布的Kimi K3模型，在性能上已与美国顶尖模型大体相当，而且采用“开放权重”模式，用户可免费下载并在本地运行。他认为，这一消息是上周美国股市相关板块下跌的原因之一，也再次动摇了OpenAI和Anthropic等公司的商业模式。    ARRAS, France -- France will mobilize up to 7,000 soldiers to increase security around the country after a teacher was fatally stabbed and three other people wounded in a school attack by a former student suspected of Islamic radicalization, the president’s office said Saturday.Some children and personnel returned to the Gambetta-Carnot school in the northern city of Arras as it reopened Saturday morning, after a schoolday attack Friday that rattled France in a context of global tensions over the Israel-Hamas war.Counterterrorism authorities are investigating the stabbing, and the suspected assailant and several others are in custody, prosecutors said. The suspect is a Chechen who had attended the school and had been under recent surveillance by intelligence services for radicalization.The government heightened the national threat alert, and President Emmanuel Macron ordered up to 7,000 soldiers deployed by Monday night and until further notice to bolster security and vigilance around France, his office said. The “Attack Emergency” threat posture allows the government to temporarily mobilize the military to protect public places among other measures.At the school Saturday morning, police stood guard as adults and children trickled in. Classes were canceled, but the school reopened for those who wanted to come together or seek support. One mother said she came with her 17-year-old daughter in a show of defiance against extremism, and to overcome the fear of returning to a site where children were locked down for hours after the stabbing.The attacker's exact motive remains unclear, and he is reportedly refusing to speak to investigators.For many in France, the attack echoed the killing of another teacher, Samuel Paty, almost exactly three years ago near his Paris area school. He was beheaded by a radicalized Chechen later killed by police.The suspect in this week's attack had been under surveillance since the summer on suspicion of Islamic radicalization, French intelligence services told the Associated Press. He was detained Thursday for questioning based on the monitoring of his phone calls in recent days, but investigators found no sign that he was preparing an attack, Interior Minister Gerald Darmanin said. French intelligence suggested a link between the war in the Middle East and the suspect’s decision to attack, the minister said. He said authorities have detained 12 people near schools or places of worship since the Hamas attack on Israel, some of whom were armed and were preparing to act. France has heightened security at hundreds of Jewish sites around the country this week.The prosecutor said the alleged assailant was a former student there and repeatedly shouted “Allahu akbar,” or “God is great” in Arabic during the attack. Prosecutors are considering charges of terrorism-related murder and attempted murder against the suspect.The dead educator was Dominique Bernard, a French language teacher at the Gambetta-Carnot school, which enrols students ages 11-18. Another teacher and a security guard were in critical condition with wounds from the stabbing, police said. The counterterrorism prosecutor said a cleaning worker was also injured. Announcing that the school would reopen Saturday, Macron urged the people of France to “stay united.”“The choice has been made not to give in to terror,” he said. “We must not let anything divide us, and we must remember that schools and the transmission of knowledge are at the heart of this fight against ignorance.”___Charlton reported from Paris. Nicolas Garriga in Arras and John Leicester in Paris contributed.。          2026年7月20日，观众在上海举办的2026世界人工智能大会上参观月之暗面的大模型Kimi展台。IC Photo          他指出，在Kimi K3之前，智谱GLM 5.2、阿里巴巴新一代通义千问模型也已引发广泛关注。         “这不是偶然事件，而是趋势。”他写道。         马库斯表示，他早在2025年初DeepSeek发布后就曾预测：如果美国继续把资源集中投入大语言模型（LLM），就无法取得对中国的决定性优势；最终双方更可能走向“平局”。         他当时还预测，由于缺乏真正的技术护城河，OpenAI难以实现稳定盈利，英伟达也会面临竞争压力，美国《芯片与科学法案》对遏制中国作用有限，而模型会越来越便宜、高效，但幻觉和可靠性问题仍将长期存在。

B |          “现在看来，这些事情基本都发生了。”          在马库斯看来，美国政府过于接近硅谷，几乎把硅谷关于生成式AI的愿景当成现实，导致战略误判。

C | 他批评说，美国“不应该一开始就把全部赌注压在生成式AI上”，因为这一领域从来没有展现出足够强的技术壁垒。         对于当前局面，他建议美国国会展开调查，包括美国为何丧失领先优势、是否过度押注单一技术、知识产权保护是否不足、限制移民是否导致人才流失等。他特别提到，有的中国AI企业创始人曾在美国求学，之后回到中国发展，这值得美国反思。         更重要的是战略选择。马库斯列出了特朗普政府可能考虑的七种方案，包括：不提供补贴、禁止开源、通过监管为美国公司构筑“护城河”、救助大型AI实验室、全面封禁中国模型、将OpenAI和Anthropic收归国有等。

D |          他对其中多数方案持否定态度，尤其反对利用监管手段排挤中国竞争者，认为这会推高价格、压制创新，并伤害美国本土初创企业。         他还反对由政府出资“救助”OpenAI等公司，直言这些企业目前“基本都是亏损项目”，AI行业也尚未证明自身具备可持续盈利能力。         马库斯最终提出，他最支持的方案是放弃“赢得AI战争”的零和思维，推动建立类似欧洲核子研究中心（CERN）的国际AI合作机制，把人工智能建设成全球公共产品。         他回顾称，自己早在2016年就提出建立“AI版CERN”的设想，让各国科学家围绕医学、科学等明确目标开展合作，并向全世界共享成果，而不是由少数国家或企业垄断。         文章特别提到，中方最近在人工智能大会上重申愿同各国推动人工智能向善普惠发展，为国际讨论打开了一个重要窗口。

E |          “也许现在终于到了认真考虑这件事的时候。”他写道，“如果能把AI重新放回公共领域，通过国际合作服务于医学和科学，这或许是目前最有希望的方向。”          马库斯敦促特朗普说，如果他真想获得诺贝尔和平奖，这么做或许是一个契机，并与中国达成合作，把人工智能用于公共利益，将会是一个“送给人类的厚礼”。         本文系观察者网独家稿件，未经授权，不得转载。

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