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India's Supreme Court refuses to legalize same-sex marriage, says it is up to govt_我的网站

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A | AI摘要平潭立足地缘与文脉优势，通过升级海岸旅游、打造台湾小镇、活化壳丘头遗址，深化两岸文旅融合。今年2月以来，台湾小镇接待游客同比增191%，以文化为桥促进心灵相通。暑期的68海里景区碧波、礁石临海铺展，游人络绎不绝。刘宇捷摄东南网8月21日报道（福建日报记者刘宇捷蒋丰蔓张颖）19日至20日，“活力中国调研行”采访团走进平潭综合实验区，探访海岸街区与考古展馆。 NEW DELHI -- India’s top court on Tuesday refused to legalize same-sex marriages, passing the responsibility back to Parliament in a ruling that disappointed campaigners for LGBTQ+ rights in the world's most populous country. Chief Justice DY Chandrachud also urged the government to uphold the rights of the queer community and end discrimination against them. Earlier this year, the five-judge bench heard 21 petitions that sought to legalize same-sex marriage. Chandrachud said there were degrees of agreement and disagreement among the justices “on how far we have to go” on same-sex marriages, but a majority of the judges agreed that the court cannot grant LGBTQ+ people the right to marry as that is a legislative function. “This court can’t make law. It can only interpret it and give effect to it,” the chief justice said, reiterating that it was up to Parliament to decide whether it could expand marriage laws to include queer unions.One of the petitioners, Mario da Penha, said it was “a day to be disappointed but not to lose hope.”“There's been tremendous work that has gone into these petitions, and many hopes and dreams of the queer community attached to them - to lead lives that most other Indians take for granted. The fact that the dream could not come to fruition today is a disappointment for all of us,” he said.He added that it was not yet clear if the court had set a mandate or timeline for Parliament to act. “Without that mandate, there is no pressure on Parliament to enact any legislation.”“There are queer couples today that are already families and in relationships, and are pillars of society. That they are not afforded the dignity and rights that they are due is deeply disappointing,” said Karuna Nundy, one of the lawyers representing the petitioners. Legal rights for LGBTQ+ people in India have been expanding over the past decade, mostly as a result of the Supreme Court’s intervention. In 2018, the top court struck down a colonial-era law that had made gay sex punishable by up to 10 years in prison and expanded constitutional rights for the gay community. The decision was seen as a historic victory for LGBTQ rights, with one judge saying it would “pave the way for a better future."Despite this progress, Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s government resisted the legal recognition of same-sex marriage and rejected several petitions in favor. During the hearings, the government argued that a marriage is only between a biological male and a biological woman, adding that same-sex marriages went against religious values and that the petitions reflected only “urban elitist views”. Religious groups too had opposed same-sex unions, saying they went against Indian culture.Adish Aggarwala, the president of the Supreme Court bar association, said the court had done the right thing by recognizing that this was a job for Parliament, an argument the government also made during the hearings. Lawyers for the petitioners argued that marriage is between two people, not just a man and woman. They said concepts of marriage have gradually changed with time and laws should acknowledge that. By not recognizing such unions, the government was depriving same-sex couples of their right to equality enshrined in the constitution and rights enjoyed by married heterosexual couples, from adoption and medical insurance to pensions and inheritance, they argued. “This court needs to push society to acknowledge same-sex marriage,” one of the lawyers said.Petitioners were hopeful that the Supreme Court could challenge the government’s position.But even as some of the justices urged that the state must make sure queer couples don't face harassment or discrimination in accessing basic needs, like opening a joint bank account, they stopped short of granting legal recognition to same-sex unions. Instead, the court accepted the government's offer to set up a special panel that will explore granting social and legal benefits to same-sex couples. Homosexuality has long carried a stigma in India’s traditional society, even though there has been a shift in attitudes toward same-sex couples in recent years. India now has openly gay celebrities and some high-profile Bollywood films have dealt with gay issues. According to a Pew survey, acceptance of homosexuality in India increased by 22 percentage points to 37% between 2013 and 2019.But same-sex couples often face harassment in many Indian communities, whether Hindu, Muslim or Christian.India is estimated to have at least 2.5 million LGBTQ+ people, according to government figures from 2012. However, gay rights activists and global estimates believe they number at least 10% of the population, or more than 135 million.In May, Taiwan became the first jurisdiction in Asia to recognize same-sex marriages. In July, Nepal's Supreme Court issued an interim order enabling the registration of same-sex marriages for the first time. It is still not clear when the court would make its final decision on the case.。作为祖国大陆距离台湾岛最近的海岛，平潭立足独特地理条件，赓续海峡情缘，探寻远古文明根脉。如今，两岸同根同源的文化底色，在此演绎成文旅融合发展的鲜活篇章。 20日上午，海风裹挟着咸湿气息拂过猴研岛的嶙峋礁石。在68海里景区，不少游客驻足在“祖国大陆距台湾岛最近点”标识碑旁，举着相机定格这一特殊的地理坐标。放眼整个平潭岛，这个镌刻着海峡乡愁的海岸地标早已不再依靠单一石碑吸引游人。

B | 限山岛上的黑礁音乐馆，落地大窗直面万顷碧波，民俗舞蹈、奇幻魔术轮番上演。馆内还设置有台湾商品展示售卖区，凤梨酥、一条根、高粱酒等180多种货品集中陈列。观海赏艺、休闲品读、邂逅两岸风物——游客的体验方式已从单纯打卡观光，转向更富文化内涵的沉浸式享受。

C | 沿着海岸线前行，22号国际游艇码头帆影摇曳。作为平潭游艇产业重点项目，码头于2024年6月投入运营，共建有49个泊位，其中包含17个对台专用泊位。 “码头汇聚了游艇、帆船、摩托艇、尾波冲浪、水上超跑等热门海上项目，让游客在观光之余，也能体验水上运动的乐趣。”平潭旅游客运公司总经理陈紫良介绍，投运以来，码头累计接待游客超5.3万人次。目光从海岸转向岛内，一个个跨越海峡的“回家”故事正在温情上演。走进平潭台湾小镇台味餐厅“同源·宝岛家宴”，一份特色菜单格外引人注目：花莲清炒时蔬、台北家园三杯鸡、澎湖白灼明虾……道道菜品对应台湾各地风土，成为小镇汇聚海峡烟火的鲜活注脚。这座总建筑面积16万平方米、由38栋闽南红厝建筑组成的对台交流载体，过去只是业态相对单一的免税购物区，不少游客感慨“逛一小时就结束”。今年2月焕新开街后，这里完成了迭代升级，蜕变为集文化体验、商贸交流、休闲娱乐于一体的文商旅综合体。漫步街区，店铺鳞次栉比，烟火气息扑面而来。

D | 在1号免税商城1.6万平方米的空间内，300多个台湾品牌的商品琳琅满目；“平潭有礼”文创商店里2600多款文创产品精巧别致；植觉闽台植物馆内，两岸特色草木生机盎然；台湾铁路便当、盐酥鸡等特色小吃香气四溢。小镇蓬勃发展的背后，台胞是不可或缺的核心力量。

E | 平潭综合实验区文旅集团总经理林彦介绍，台湾小镇创新探索“大台商牵头、中小台商参股”的组团招商模式，吸引大批台商跨海来岚扎根兴业。台式餐饮、茶饮、文创等业态相继落地，交织出浓浓海峡烟火。 “我们把家乡的风味带到这里，和越来越多的台胞抱团创业，在这里既有事业，也有家的归属感。”台商王志强和记者分享道。

F | 林彦介绍，小镇现有入驻企业150家，其中台资企业78家。浓郁的两岸风情持续释放吸引力，今年2月焕新开街以来，累计接待游客约55.8万人次，同比增长191%。如果说台湾小镇承载的是海峡人间烟火，那么，将两岸的文化联结溯源至7000年前的壳丘头遗址博物馆，则成为两岸同胞获得情感共鸣的精神坐标。走进壳丘头遗址博物馆，陶器、石器、贝器等600余件文物系统铺展出东南沿海距今7500年至3000年的史前考古序列，证实平潭是南岛语族向外迁徙的重要踏板，也印证了海峡两岸史前阶段便有着密切的文化交融往来。 “文物不能只静态地陈列在展馆玻璃之内。”平潭国际南岛语族研究院学术交流部主任林颖说。

G | 依托海峡两岸南岛语族考古教学实习基地，博物馆常态化举办闽台海洋文化探源研学营、两岸青少年考古体验等活动，把考古成果转化为面对面的交流平台，在两岸青年互动交往之间，同源共脉的历史记忆就此传递。数据显示，依托博物馆与考古基地这一复合平台，平潭累计承接国内外各类参访研学活动940多场次，参与总人数超2.8万人次。